-Tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, are contraindicated throughout the duration of pregnancy due to the risk of permanent discoloration of tooth enamel in the fetus. Fluoroquinolones are also contraindicated in pregnancy due to the harmful risks to the fetus.
-Fluoroquinolones are also contraindicated in pregnancy due to the harmful risks to the fetus.
-Trimethoprin should be avoided in the first trimester due to the potential of neural tube defects as this medication acts a folic acid antagonist. Sulfonamides should be avoided in the third trimester because they may cause jaundice.
-Sulfonamides should be avoided in the third trimester because they may cause jaundice.
–Nitrofurantoin is one of the first-line agents used to treat bacterial infections in pregnancy because it does not cause harm to the fetus. Some clinicians avoid nitrofurantoin in the third trimester due to a risk of kernicterus.