CAP in children is treated based on age. The most likely etiologic agents in a school-age child are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
| Age | Antibiotic | Most common Causative Agent |
| *2 months to 5 years | High-dose oral amoxicillin | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 5-16 years | Macrolide antibiotic e.g. Azithromycin | Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae |
*2 months = 60 days.
60days to 5 years = preschool-aged children
5-16 years = school-age children.
Azithromycin can be used in children 60 days and 5 years who are allergic to penicillin.