Latent TB Infection Treatment Regimens

Pharmacy and Therapeutics

From the CDC

Drugs Duration Interval Minimum-doses
Isoniazid 9 months Daily 270
Twice weekly* 76
Isoniazid 6 months Daily 180
Twice weekly* 52
Isoniazid and Rifapentine 3 months Once weekly* 12
Rifampin 4 months Daily 120

*Use Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)

From AAFP (2014)

Drug Duration Dosing Minimum number of doses Maximal oral dose
Adults Children

Isoniazid

Nine months

Daily†

270

5 mg per kg (300 mg)

10 to 20 mg per kg (300 mg)

Twice weekly‡

76

15 mg per kg (900 mg)

20 to 40 mg per kg (900 mg)

Isoniazid

Six months

Daily

180

5 mg per kg (300 mg)

10 to 20 mg per kg (300 mg)

Twice weekly‡

52

15 mg per kg (900 mg)

20 to 40 mg per kg (900 mg)

Isoniazid plus rifapentine (Priftin)§

Three months

Weekly‡

12

Isoniazid: 15 mg per kg (900 mg)

Rifapentine:

10 to 14 kg (22.0 to 30.9 lb): 300 mg
14.1 to 25 kg (31.0 to 55.1 lb): 450 mg
25.1 to 32 kg (55.2 to 70.5 lb): 600 mg
32.1 to 49.9 kg (70.6 to 110.0 lb): 750 mg
≥ 50 kg (110.1 lb): 900 mg

Rifampin

Four months

Daily

120

10 mg per kg (600 mg)

10 to 20 mg per kg (600 mg)

*—Including screening test window prophylaxis.

†—Preferred regimen for children two to 11 years of age.

‡—Dosing should be directly observed.

§—The 12-dose regimen does not replace other guidelines, and is not recommended for children younger than two years, pregnant women, women who may become pregnant during treatment, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who are receiving antiretroviral treatment, or patients who have latent tuberculosis infection with presumed isoniazid or rifampin resistance. It is approved for use in HIV-positive patients who are not receiving antiretroviral therapy.

 

References

https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/treatment/ltbitreatmentoptions.htm

Am Fam Physician. 2014 Jun 1;89(11):889-896. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0601/p889.html

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