Local Anesthetic Drugs for Clinic Procedures

Amides

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

0.5%, 1%, or 2%
(Higher concentrations provide no additional anesthetic effects.)

Rapid: < 2 minutes

30 to 60 minutes

4 (up to 300 mg per dose)

0.5%: 601%: 302%: 15

Lidocaine with epinephrine‡

1% or 2%

Rapid: < 2 minutes§

1 to 4 hours

7 (up to 500 mg per dose)

1%: 502%: 25

Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

0.25% or 0.5%

Slow: 5 minutes

2 to 4 hours

2 (up to 175 mg per dose)

0.25%: 700.5%: 35

Esters

Procaine (Novocain)

1% or 2%

Moderate: 2 to 5 minutes

15 to 60 minutes

7 (up to 600 mg per dose)

1%: 602%: 30

Tetracaine (Pontocaine)

0.5%

Slow: 5 to 10 minutes

2 to 3 hours

1.4 (up to 120 mg per dose)

24