ENDOCRINOLOGY
Establish adequate renal function (UOP ~ 50 ml/hr). If K is > 5.3 mEq/L, do not give K but check serum K q2hrs. If K is b/n 3.3 and 5.3 mEq/L, give 20-30 mEq of K in each liter of IV fluid to keep serum K between 4-5 mEq/L. If serum K is < 3.3, hold insulin and...
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Will give NS at 15 to 20 mL/kg lean body weight per hour for the first 2hrs to tx hypovolemia. That is about 1L/hr for the average person and 2 Liters over 2 hrs. NB: The initial resuscitation fluids is always NS. Will then calc. corrected Na to determine if to use NS...
ENDOCRINOLOGY
The diagnostic criteria for DKA are: Serum glucose >250 mg/dL, Arterial pH <7.3, Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L, and At least moderate ketonuria or ketonemia. Note DKA is a high AG metabolic acidosis.
ENDOCRINOLOGY
How do you know when DKA is resolved? “DKA is resolved when 1) plasma glucose is <200–250 mg/dL; 2) serum bicarbonate concentration is ≥15 mEq/L; 3) venous blood pH is >7.3; and 4) anion gap is ≤12. In general, resolution of hyperglycemia, normalization of...
ENDOCRINOLOGY
According to the current criteria of the ADA, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus should be made if any one of the following criteria is met: Hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% Fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL 2-hour post-load plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL on oral glucose tolerance...
ENDOCRINOLOGY
The connecting peptide, or C-peptide, is a short 31-amino-acid polypeptide that connects insulin’s A-chain to its B-chain in the proinsulin molecule. C peptide = Connecting peptide. C peptide is increased with insulinomas and sulfonylureas and decreased with...
